一种北方代茶树的覆盆子植物原料及其保健养生茶的生产方法

本发明公开了一种野生植物覆盆子(又名树莓，南方不耐寒品种称悬勾子、蓬垒等)，蔷薇科，属浆果，草药类，作为北方代茶树，所含营养及酚类、黄酮类、总糖等元素高于或等同于传统绿茶，其叶、根、茎、青红果为原料或为主原料，采用与普通茶类似的加工方法并有创新地制成纯覆盆子保健养生茶和复合功能特种茶，其外观茶形、泡饮方法、口感、色香味，均分别与绿茶、红茶、花茶及饮料茶基本相似；内含高钙、低钠、高钾、复合VB等多种营养元素；有氨基酸、水杨酸、SOD、鞣化酸、酚类、黄酮类、多糖等多种补益于人体的高含量生物成分，本发明制成的覆盆子茶具有清热解毒、消炎、杀菌、壮阳、滋阴、补肾、防治心血管及癌症、减肥、美容、防衰老等保健养生功能，为发展我国茶品种，尤其是开拓北方药茶经济，又填补了一项空白。

技术领域

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of north for the raspberry plant material of tea tree and the production method of health protecting tea thereof.In this generation,, the formal name used at school of tea tree was " raspberry " (Rubus idaeus), had another name called raspberry (Rubus Spp), the rose family, the fallen leaves fruticuli, belong to berries and Chinese medicine, wild in the north place, ditch slope (south claims outstanding hook, fluffy Lei etc., not cold-resistant and moisture-proof) in the majority of slitting, mountain, original secondary forest belt.The present invention mainly be excavate resist subzero 40 ℃, not only manually the garden of cultivating into, pluck behind its bud point but also can send out rapidly that a kind of north that wooden fork regenerates is wild, the raspberry plant of dietotherapeutic, as the north for tea tree, and the production method of making health protecting tea with its leaf, stem, root, fruit raw material.

背景技术

Background technology

Products such as present common tealeaves such as green tea, black tea, jasmine tea, all the leaf bud with the Theaceae plant of south plantation is that primary raw material is processed into, and the north is short because of cold, drying, frost-free period, southern Theaceae plant can't be introduced cultivation, so greatly limited to northern development tea economy.According to reports, the Theaceae plant has progressively been introduced a fine variety from the south of the River at present into the north of the Changjiang River, even indivedual cold-resistant varieties 35～36 ° of areas of north latitude to the north of the marginal Huaihe River, north and south have successfully been introduced a fine variety, as Xinyang Prefecture, Henan Province and Yinan County, Linyi Prefecture, Shandong Province, brands such as Xinyang Maojian Tea, " Zhuge Liang's well-known tea " have been produced.But wide geographic area still unconditionally develops Tea Production to the north of 36 ° of the north latitude, especially at present tea raw material is single, not only the kind of tea making and output are restricted, and can not satisfy the demand of the health care tea of the growing multiple local flavor of people, multiple pattern, multiple dietotherapeutic.

Raspberry, Li Shizhen (1518-1593 A.D.) are classified Chinese herbal medicine as in Compendium of Material Medica, its malachite fruit is medicinal after infusion is dried; It is edible that ripe haw can be worked as fruit; Its leaf, stem, root herb can be used as medicine: clearing heat and detoxicating, the establishing-Yang of invigorating blood circulation, enriching yin, kidney tonifying; Shujin stops blooding, dispels the wind, dampness removing, anti-inflammatory; Benefit gas make light of one's life by commiting suicide, make send out not white; Continuous exhausted, the strong sun of reinforcing yin essence of qi-restoratives, smoothing skin, peace and the five internal organs, Wen Zhongyi power is treated consumptive disease and is decreased wind void, and tonifying liver makes eye bright, and gets rid of urinary calculi; Man's kidney-jing deficiency exhausts, and it is hard long that impotence can make, woman's food son arranged.Every day, water was obeyed three money.According to reports: Europe is when 17th century, and among the people just have the leaf with raspberry (raspberry) to boil the custom that millet paste is drunk.China planted experimentally and developed from abroad having introduced as third generation fruit industry in recent years, but the own only prospecting once of wild raspberry resource of China, still unmanned cultivation more belongs to blank as the north for the tea tree exploitation.

Modern medicine proves, nutrition is abundant in the raspberry haw, contains protein 1.2 grams, fat 0.5 gram, carbohydrate 13.6 grams, fiber 3 grams, iron 0.9mg, calcium 22mg, phosphorus 22mg, magnesium 20mg in the hectogram, receives 1mg (hanging down sodium), potassium 168mg, VA130 (international unit), B ₁0.01mg, B ₂0.09mg, nicotinic acid 0.9mg, B ₆0.06mg, pantothenic acid 0.24mg, VC25mg, salicylic acid 0.5～2.5mg, full sugar 15 grams, be rich in haematochrome, denseer peat-reek is arranged and is rich in the volatility antibiotic.According to another report, contain VC200～300mg in the leaf; Fruit contains volume SOD (hepatocuprein), occupies first of the various fruit; Root, leaf contain the biochemistry composition of useful healths such as tannin (tannic acid), carbohydrate, acetone glycosides, aldehydes matter and saponin(e.

Report according to another Japan: raspberry rasp berry ketone food is used for fat-reducing, doubly than capsicim weight losing function Senior Three.U.S. He Ling Si Cancer center discovers that raspberry (raspberry) contains tanning acid in a large number, can prevent and treat four kinds of cancers (uterine neck, mammary gland, colon, pancreas), and can reach the purpose of prevention and treatment by beverage/food.Find that also raspberry (raspberry) has the effect that reduces human leukaemia cell's concentration.

Research according to biotechnology bound pair plant flavone is thought: biological flavone compound (Bioflavonoids) extensively is present in each position of plant with the C6-C3-C6 structure, especially colored, leaf site, there is document to estimate, have approximately in 20% the Chinese herbal medicine and contain flavone compound, many researchs show, flavones has multiple biologically active, the effects such as it is antibiotic except that utilizing, anti-inflammatory, anti-sudden change, step-down, clearing heat and detoxicating, calm, diuresis, in anti-oxidant, anticancer, anti-cancer, suppress aspect such as lipase remarkable result is also arranged.It is the scavenger of most of oxygen radicals in the human body, thereby the vigor of energy increased SOD (peroxide dismutase), reduce the generation of MDA (MDA MDA) and OX-LDL (OxLDL ELISA), the control of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases is had positive effect; Flavone compound is nontoxic, and human body can not synthesize, and metabolism is very fast in vivo.Scientific research finds that human intake's flavone compound mainly comes from the vegetalitas beverage, as tealeaves etc., accounts for the 25%-30% of total intake.

According to another report, phenolic substance, i.e. Tea Polyphenols, be the maximum a kind of composition of content in the tealeaves, raspberry health protecting tea detection level is 25.4%, has also proved this point, its anti-oxidant effectiveness is very high, with the collaborative formation with sterilization and blocking-up nitrite of VC, VE; Prevent and treat dental caries function in addition; In tealeaves, also have compositions such as lipopolysaccharides, all have health care.

In recent years, have the exploitation of the tea product of functional component, and caused the concern and the participation of medical circle, also will change the image of tea in people's life: tea is not only beverage, and is a kind of functional food.Especially herb tea relates to health, or builds up one's health and prolong one's life, or fat-reducing, is subjected to people's favor gradually; Add the new tea product that medicinal herbs or medicine fruit or perfuming are made, slowly enlarge on the consumption market, objective requirement will develop Special teas such as herb tea, fruity tea and oolong tea quickly, to satisfy the needs of world's tea market.

发明内容

Summary of the invention

A kind of north of the present invention is for the raspberry plant material of tea tree and the production method of health protecting tea thereof, attempt to select for use a kind of north wild be berry be again Chinese herbal medicine, can resist subzero 40 ℃ of severe cold, the artificial garden of cultivating into again, its bud point can be sent out the rose family fallen leaves fruticuli raspberry plant that wooden fork regeneration is adopted again rapidly after plucking, replace southern Theaceae plant, cultivate into northern tea tree, the tea place, and to adopt its leaf bud be main material, with its fruit, stem, root is an auxiliary material, adopt and the similar technology of southern traditional tea making, just can make green non-pollution, nuisanceless, organic pure raspberry health care tealeaves and multi-functional, the compound tea of multi-flavour, make this tea set that the basic outward appearance of conventional tea be arranged, basic taste, identical drinking method, and the soup look greenish-yellow, mouthfeel perfume (or spice) is pure, do not have or be with some Chinese herbal medicine peat-reeks less, be rich in nutrition, also have unique health care, health, disease cure function.

Product is through the check field data show for the present invention's " raspberry medicine food health protecting tea ", and the basic standard that has possessed tealeaves fully requires: water extraction 37.2% (green tea reference value 20～30%); Alkaloid 0.3% (green tea reference value 1～2%); Phenol thing 25.4% (green tea reference value about 25～30%); Amino acid/11 .7% (green tea reference value 3%); Flavones is (green tea reference value about 0.5%) more than 1.2%; Total reducing sugar 6.6% (green tea reference value 3～4%); VC0.02%.From detect finding, it is higher by 7.2～17% than green tea that the raspberry health protecting tea brews infuse tea leaching rate and extract; Phenol thing content and green tea are basic identical, and flavones content is 2.4 times of green tea, and total reducing sugar is 1.9 times of green tea average; Wherein most worthy is the biological flavone content height of the low high potassium of sodium, nutrition reasonable mixture ratio, especially raspberry health protecting tea, thereby has determined its health functions to be worth.

This shows, the present invention elects the raspberry plant as the north for tea tree, health care's tealeaves with its raw material processing, the composition and the function that not only have traditional tea, even its health care is worth and ranks among tea market with the bigger health care and the economic worth of herb tea, fruity tea, is to have filled up a blank.

附图说明null实施方式

Specific embodiments for achieving the above object, task of the present invention is to select for use a kind of raspberry by name (to have another name called raspberry, south has outstanding hook, fluffy Lei etc. to belong to together, but cold-resistant) the rose family, berry, the fallen leaves fruticuli wild plant of Chinese herbal medicine class, be worth with its nutrient that is rich in, biologically active chemical analysis and health functions thereof and be chosen to be the first-selected kind of a kind of north for tea tree.With its self-sow habit; fully can be by introducing a fine variety, cultivate domestication, preferred; set up regular tea place; simultaneously with the raw material sources of protecting, utilizing wild resource to develop simultaneously; adopt similar southern tea-manufacturing technology and the technology path that combines of innovation, just can make the pure raspberry health protecting tea and the compound tea of multi-flavour of green non-pollution, nuisanceless, organic food.

Raspberry after success is planted experimentally in the north, also should south be introduced a fine variety the garden of building for tea tree, and is short frost season to utilize south, the vegetation period long, high-yield cultivating, processed edge that the collecting period is early also grown.

With example gardening and the raw material tea-manufacturing technology prescription thereof of the north for the tea tree raspberry elaborated below:

Embodiment one: create northern nuisanceless tea place.

Comply with self habit of raspberry plant, step just should be the consumer from the outset provides safety, high-quality, healthy tealeaves this purpose to set out, introduce a fine variety, tame, select easily plant, sprouting wooden fork power of regeneration strong (promptly sending out after promptly adopting), high yield, (40 ℃) of fine quality, disease-resistant, cold-resistant, drought resisting, breeding that health care is strong, the garden addressing of building will not have agricultural chemicals, chemical fertilizer and heavy-metal residual, water source, air do not have industrial pollution, for produce green non-pollution, non-harmful organic tea is laid a solid foundation.

Adopt north and south row, long narrow furrow, band shape, and the planting technology scheme of setting up the little shed of daylight.Plantation 3～4 row in the wide 1.25m of furrow, furrow, line-spacing 25～30Cm, spacing in the rows 20Cm, furrow are apart from operation road 80Cm, and plastic film, bamboo clappers daylight shed and furrow are wide, high 1.2m, wide 1.5～2m.The automatic hygrometric opening and closing device of little spray or drip irrigation is set in the furrow, and full tea place drought can be watered, waterlog and can be arranged, and designs the pre-conditioned of power choring or half mechanically actuated and sterilizing and purifying etc. when building the garden as far as possible, sets up biological pollution-free fertilizer and the agricultural chemicals system used; Water quality and air must be good; Advanced scientific and technical measures such as bud and short bud combine are adopted in enforcement.

Embodiment two: pure system raspberry health care tealeaves (like green tea)

1, classification harvesting raw material in time spreads: fresh raspberry bud is pressed the bright leaf grade scale of famous green tea and is carried out.The classification timesharing spreads on thin bamboo strips used for weaving, the dehydration of withering, and thickness 2～3Cm was advisable in 6～12 hours, and moisture content is reduced to below 70%.

2, equipment: manual Electric frying pan, fan, summer sleeping bamboo mat; Machine is fried: fry the tea machine.

3, make flow process:

A, green removing in high temperature: the high earlier back of cooking bottom temperature is low, and 200 ℃～160 ℃, stir 5～6 minutes fast, tremble, boil in a covered pot over a slow fire combination, to tremble less more and boil in a covered pot over a slow fire, moisture content reaches 55～58% and takes the dish out of the pot.

B, the appropriateness that takes the dish out of the pot were gently kneaded about 5 minutes, trembled and rubbed appearance, and pressure is " light, heavy, light ", pushes away and rubs the vertical bar rope, and the leaf roll song is rubbed by group.。

C, secondary complete, and continue the appearance setting: 80～90 ℃ in frying pan the both hands palm hold in both hands tealeaves and change and rubbed 8 minutes.

D, the both hands that take the dish out of the pot on flat board are firmly rubbed and are rolled (becoming the wad shape) broken wall and go out juice, or straight rub with the hands (into strips).

E, cure, flavouring setting: the pot temperature is reduced to 40 ℃ gradually from 60 ℃, picks up tea with hand and trembles in pot and spread thermally equivalent oven dry 60～90 minutes.

F, cool cooling reach below 7% moisture.

G, pack: interior paper is moulded airtight outward, make tealeaves do wet voluntarily evenly and protect perfume (or spice) and just distinguish the flavor of.

Outward appearance silvery white, soup look are green-yellow, and mouthfeel tea perfume (or spice) (not being with or little band Chinese herbal medicine peat-reek) is infused time manyly, and back pleasant impression is long.

Embodiment three: the little fermentation of pure system raspberry health protecting tea (like black tea)

1, raw material: with embodiment two.

2, equipment: outside embodiment two, other is equipped with transparent nontoxic white plastic film bag.

3, make flow process:

It is main adopting conventional black technology, and other does innovation: the little fermentation of daylight, wither, knead, drying.

B, simplified method pack, the little fermentation of the daylight gain of heat: pack 1 kilogram～5 kilograms in the bag into whenever moulding after the fresh tender shoots leaf graduation, tighten sack airtight air tight with cotton rope, tealeaves in the bag is shakeout thick about three centimeters, put calm onboard place and shine (carried out the morning 9 every day) with strong sunlight between at 4 o'clock in afternoon, every bag was shone about 2 hours.Interior sweating steam will be moulded bag and heave, and about 65 ℃ enzymes that go out of bag Nei Wenduda were managed sunshading and temperature reducing after 10 minutes, remained on below 42 ℃ and fermented, and handbag stirred and pushes away the stand once in per about 10～20 minutes, shone after one hour, will stir to change into every bag and gently knead.。

C, little fermentation is finished about 2 hours, moves into indoor or separates the bag venting in 10 minutes at sunshade, spreads the dehydration cooling, notes stirring.

The completing of d, following operating process and example two, knead, parch is basic identical.Dark brown summary is black, and the soup look little is red.

Embodiment four: compound preparation health protecting tea

Prescription 1: the pure tealeaves 50～70% of raspberry, mix thoroughly after first-class green tea 30～50% mixes and get final product.

Prescription 2: the pure tealeaves 50～70% of raspberry, mix thoroughly after first-class jasmine tea 30～50% mixes and get final product.

Prescription 3: the pure tealeaves 50～70% of raspberry gets final product after mixing thoroughly after pekoe tealeaves 30～50% mixes.

Prescription 4: the raspberry that will pluck preparation in advance does that green fruit particle 10%, root thin slice (silk) are about 5%, red ripe perfume (or spice) freezes really and 15% stirs into particle or paste; pour into simultaneously in 100 ℃ the frying pan and to tremble after 2 minutes speed with handspring and pure raspberry tealeaves is got 70% pour in the pot; mix to fry again 3 minutes, gradually with pot temperature drop to 40 ℃.Grab to tremble with hand again special fruital flavor is infiltrated through in the compound tea, therefore, this compound tea has more raspberry fruital multi-flavour, the more characteristic tea of tool health care composition.

Prescription 5: add the bright Jasmine of 0.5～1% weight in raspberry tea making raw material, all the other flow processs are with embodiment two.

Embodiment five: the pure tea of raspberry, compound tea as main material, are made meal or the fine powder nonwoven convenient bag (bag) of packing into through pulverizing, and the bubble drink has instant effect, is to promote taste and effect.When pack, every bag adds a medicinal dried fragrant flower and has more characteristic.

Embodiment six: the pure tea of raspberry or compound tea as main material, are added high-quality water, add red ripe fruit and sweet, the sour flavor enhancement of an amount of plant of freezing.Main flow process is that 60 ℃ of warm water soak after 4～6 hours earlier, boils 10 minutes, soak 4～6 hours again after, filtration, seasoning, boil, sterilization again behind the fine filtering, sterilization, bottling, just can make raspberry health care beverage tea, directly drink.